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Brass instruments have got this name owing to the material which was applied from the antique centuries. But nowadays copper and silver can be also used in their making. Centuries ago people produced the same instruments using basically timber because a lot of people couldn't produce it of brass. Contemporary brass instruments contain French horn, tuba, cornet, trombone, trumpet and flugelhorn.
Ancient people knew a technique of blowing horns and shells from the first steps of civilization. Later instruments that were similar to horns were produced when people started the production of instruments of metal. Usually such musical instruments were used during a war, hunting or had some religious destinations.
Nowadays' brass instruments came from hunting bugles, martial horns and post pipes. Valve mechanism wasn't created at that time and those musical instruments could produce only natural scale. A musician changed the timber of an instrument only with the help of his lips. Fanfares and other military and hunting signals appeared actually at those times. The natural scale was the basis of these sounds and people began to apply them in musical practice.
With the increasing of metal working progress and the producing musical instruments of metal it became feasible to create pipes of different dimensions and finishing. The notion “natural instruments” appeared with the progress of brass instruments producing and the improvement of various natural scales. Natural scale was the basic scale of those musical instruments because at those centuries people didn't invent valve mechanism yet. Brotherhoods of trumpet-players appeared at those times. There were 2 kinds of them: marching pipers and chamber trumpet-players that performed difficult parts in hard high register.
At the beginning of the nineteenth century was created valve gear. It definitely transformed the technique of performance and increased the ability of brass instruments. The crown that was included to the basic tube changed the form of musical instruments and lowered the pitch.